Re-constructing a local genealogy of the scientific modernization in North Africa and the Middle East is still a pending task. Research on modern Arab-Islamic scientists, physicians and engineers will help expand the collective memory of modernization in those countries by adding new, often badly-known or forgotten actors to its ranks. Biographies will also help illuminate the intrinsic connection existing between science and society, showing how science has always been a necessary element in plans for national independence, social change and democratic rule. This conference will focus on the biographies of some late 19th-early 20th century scientists from Morocco, Egypt, Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria
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